Torres Iuris was founded by Dr. Alejandra Torres Camprubí in 2023 as an independent legal practice committed to the peaceful resolution of international disputes, the protection of the global environment and the preservation of human dignity. Striving to enhance and protect its founding pillars - Peace | Planet | People - by all public international law means available for each case and project, Torres Iuris operates from central Madrid’s office, in close collaboration with renowned specialized lawyers based in Europe, North America, and Latin America. We are honored to serve States and State-owned entities by providing international legal counsel to protect the public interest at all stages, and offer tailored legal training on public international law and international dispute settlement to a wide range of actors, including government officials, diplomatic academies and non-governmental organizations.
We provide legal representation and strategic advice to sovereign States in their disputes against other States as well as in advisory proceedings before international courts and tribunals such as the International Court of Justice or the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. In international investment arbitrations, we exclusively represent States and State-owned entities against foreign private investors before arbitral tribunals administered by the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the International Centre for the Settlement of International Disputes and other main international arbitration centres.
We offer comprehensive practical training and seminal courses to government officials, diplomatic academies, as well as University professors and legal practitioners willing to develop specialized knowledge on our three founding pillars. Each training and course is specifically tailored to the profile and needs of the attendees and directed at providing a solid theoretical background with a concrete understanding of how it transpires in practice.
The project to create Torres Iuris emerged from Dr. Alejandra Torres Camprubí’s extensive experience as international legal counsel specialized in public international law and international investment arbitration, coupled with her in-depth academic focus on in international environmental law and the adverse effects of climate change on small-island States and their peoples.
• Republic of The Gambia Republic of Myanmar. Represents The Gambia before the International Court of Justice in a dispute seeking to hold Myanmar responsible for the genocide perpetrated against the Rohingya minority.
• Republic of Equatorial Guinea v. Republic of Gabon. Represents Equatorial Guinea before the International Court of Justice against Gabon in a dispute concerning their territorial and maritime border, and sovereignty over the islands in the Bay of Corisco.
• Democratic Republic of Congo v. Republic of Uganda. Represented Uganda before the International Court of Justice in the reparations phase for damages derived from the armed activities carried out by Uganda in the territory of the DRC.
• Federal Republic of Somalia v. Republic of Kenya. Member of the team that represented Somalia before the International Court of Justice in a dispute against Kenya relating to the Parties’ maritime boundary in the Indian Ocean.
• Request for an Advisory Opinion submitted by the Commission of Small Island States on Climate Change and International Law (Request for Advisory Opinion submitted to the Tribunal). Member of the team that represented the Republic of Mozambique and the Republic of Sierra Leone in the advisory proceeding concerning the adverse consequences of climate change to the marine environment.
• Swiss Confederation v. Federal Republic of Nigeria. Represented Nigeria in the provisional measures phase of the proceedings before the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, relating to the detention of a vessel with Swiss flag in the exclusive economic zone of Nigeria.
• Republic of Ghana v. Republic of Côte d’Ivoire. Represented Ghana in a dispute concerning the delimitation of the maritime boundary with Côte d'Ivoire in the Gulf of Guinea, in an arbitration initiated under Annex VII of UNCLOS before a Special Chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.
• Latin American Regional Aviation Holding v. Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Represented Uruguay in an arbitration initiated before the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes under the Panama-Uruguay Bilateral Investment Treaty in relation to the collapse of PLUNA, Uruguay’s national airline company.
• Represented a Latin American State in an ICSID arbitration relating to an airport concession.
• Ritika Mehta, Vinita Agarwal, and Prenay Agarwal v. Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Represented Uruguay in an UNCITRAL arbitration before the Permanent Court of Arbitration initiated under the Bilateral Investment Treaty between Uruguay and the United Kingdom, concerning a large-scale iron ore extraction project scale which Claimants valued at $3.47 billion.
• Niko Exploration (Block 9) Ltd. v. Bangladesh and Bangladesh Oil and Gas Mineral Corp. Counsel to Bangladeshi State-owned oil and gas company in a contract-based ICSID arbitration proceedings.
• Niko Resources v. Republic of Bangladesh, Bapex & Petrobangla. Represented Bangladesh and its state-owned entities in an ICSID contract-based arbitration against a Canadian company regarding two gas explosions that resulted in unprecedented environmental and public health damages in Bangladesh’s history.
• Niko Resources (Bangladesh) Ltd. v. Bangladesh Oil Gas and Mineral Corporation (Petrobangla), Bangladesh Petroleum Exploration and Production Company Limited (Bapex). Represented Petrobangla and Bangladesh in ICSID annulment proceedings in respect of a payment claim award rendered in favor of Niko Resources Ltd.
• Louis Dreyfus Armateurs v. Republic of India. Represented India in an UNCITRAL initiated by a French investor under the bilateral investment treaty between France and India, concerning the supply and cargo handling contract at the Port of Kolkata.
• Representation of the Corporación Dominicana de Empresas Eléctricas Estatales (CDEEE) in response to claims presented by a consortium led by a Brazilian company relating to the construction and operation of a thermoelectric plant. Member of the team that participated in a parallel mediation process that managed to resolve the controversy and ensure the delivery of the plant under favorable conditions for the Corporation.
• Representation of asylum seekers in France before the Cour Nationale du Droit d’Asile. 'Pro-bono' project in collaboration with Amnesty International France.
• Representation before the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the United States of America. Counsel to a private person affected by the sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council.
• Republic of The Gambia Republic of Myanmar. Represents The Gambia before the International Court of Justice in a dispute seeking to hold Myanmar responsible for the genocide perpetrated against the Rohingya minority.
• Republic of Equatorial Guinea v. Republic of Gabon. Represents Equatorial Guinea before the International Court of Justice against Gabon in a dispute concerning their territorial and maritime border, and sovereignty over the islands in the Bay of Corisco.
• Democratic Republic of Congo v. Republic of Uganda. Represented Uganda before the International Court of Justice in the reparations phase for damages derived from the armed activities carried out by Uganda in the territory of the DRC.
• Federal Republic of Somalia v. Republic of Kenya. Member of the team that represented Somalia before the International Court of Justice in a dispute against Kenya relating to the Parties’ maritime boundary in the Indian Ocean.
• Request for an Advisory Opinion submitted by the Commission of Small Island States on Climate Change and International Law (Request for Advisory Opinion submitted to the Tribunal). Member of the team that represented the Republic of Mozambique and the Republic of Sierra Leone in the advisory proceeding concerning the adverse consequences of climate change to the marine environment.
• Swiss Confederation v. Federal Republic of Nigeria. Represented Nigeria in the provisional measures phase of the proceedings before the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, relating to the detention of a vessel with Swiss flag in the exclusive economic zone of Nigeria.
• Republic of Ghana v. Republic of Côte d’Ivoire. Represented Ghana in a dispute concerning the delimitation of the maritime boundary with Côte d'Ivoire in the Gulf of Guinea, in an arbitration initiated under Annex VII of UNCLOS before a Special Chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.
• Latin American Regional Aviation Holding v. Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Represented Uruguay in an arbitration initiated before the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes under the Panama-Uruguay Bilateral Investment Treaty in relation to the collapse of PLUNA, Uruguay’s national airline company.
• Represented a Latin American State in an ICSID arbitration relating to an airport concession.
• Ritika Mehta, Vinita Agarwal, and Prenay Agarwal v. Oriental Republic of Uruguay. Represented Uruguay in an UNCITRAL arbitration before the Permanent Court of Arbitration initiated under the Bilateral Investment Treaty between Uruguay and the United Kingdom, concerning a large-scale iron ore extraction project scale which Claimants valued at $3.47 billion.
• Niko Exploration (Block 9) Ltd. v. Bangladesh and Bangladesh Oil and Gas Mineral Corp. Counsel to Bangladeshi State-owned oil and gas company in a contract-based ICSID arbitration proceedings.
• Niko Resources v. Republic of Bangladesh, Bapex & Petrobangla. Represented Bangladesh and its state-owned entities in an ICSID contract-based arbitration against a Canadian company regarding two gas explosions that resulted in unprecedented environmental and public health damages in Bangladesh’s history.
• Niko Resources (Bangladesh) Ltd. v. Bangladesh Oil Gas and Mineral Corporation (Petrobangla), Bangladesh Petroleum Exploration and Production Company Limited (Bapex). Represented Petrobangla and Bangladesh in ICSID annulment proceedings in respect of a payment claim award rendered in favor of Niko Resources Ltd.
• Louis Dreyfus Armateurs v. Republic of India. Represented India in an UNCITRAL initiated by a French investor under the bilateral investment treaty between France and India, concerning the supply and cargo handling contract at the Port of Kolkata.
• Representation of the Corporación Dominicana de Empresas Eléctricas Estatales (CDEEE) in response to claims presented by a consortium led by a Brazilian company relating to the construction and operation of a thermoelectric plant. Member of the team that participated in a parallel mediation process that managed to resolve the controversy and ensure the delivery of the plant under favorable conditions for the Corporation.
• Representation of asylum seekers in France before the Cour Nationale du Droit d’Asile. 'Pro-bono' project in collaboration with Amnesty International France.
• Representation before the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the United States of America. Counsel to a private person affected by the sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2016). Statehood under Water: Challenges of Sea-Level Rise to the Continuity of Pacific Island States, Brill/Nijhoff.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2023). “The Concept of Security: Brief Genealogy of an Ambiguous Symbol”, in J. Hillebrand Pohl et al eds. The Investment Weapon, Springer Studies in Law and Geoeconomics.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2022). “Les impacts de l'élévation du niveau de la mer sur la sécurité internationale: une reconstruction du ‘récit sécuritaire’ du changement climatique” [The Impacts of Sea-level Rise on International Security: a Reconstruction of the “Security Narrative” on Climate Change], in V. Boré-Éveno ed. Elévation du droit de la mer et droit international: de l'adaptation à l'action, Editions Pedone.
• Hioureas C., Torres Camprubí, A. (2020). “Legal and Political Considerations with respect to the Disappearance of States”, in T. Heidar ed. New Knowledge and Changing Circumstances in the Law of the Sea, Brill.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2019). “Challenges of Sea-Level Rise to the Continuity of Low-Lying Island States and Measures to Address the Loss of Maritime Spaces”, 112th Annual Conference of the American Society of International Law, Cambridge University Press.
• Torres Camprubí, A., Schimmel, D. (2019). “Commerce international et responsabilité sociale et environnementale: des référentiels aux normes?” [International Trade, Social and Environmental Responsibility : a Normative Reference System?], chapter in Encyclopedic volume Le Lamy Contrats Internationaux, Tome 1, sections 101-104, Wolters Kluwer.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2018). “Securitization of Climate Change: the Inter-regional Institutional Voyage”, Oxford Yearbook of International Environmental Law, pp. 1-24.
• Freestone D., Vidas D., Torres Camprubí A. (2017). “Sea Level Rise and Impacts on Maritime Zones and Limits: the Work of the ILA Committee on International Law and Sea Level Rise”, Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law, vol. 5: 1, pp. 5-35.
• Prost M., Torres Camprubí A. (2012). “Against Fairness? International Environmental Law, Disciplinary, Bias and Pareto Justice”, Leiden Journal of International Law, vol. 25 (2012): nº 2, pp. 379-396.
• Espósito C., Torres Camprubí A. (2011). “Cambio climático y derechos humamos : el desafío de los ‘nuevos refugiados’” [Climate Change and Human Rights : the Challenge of the ‘New Refugees’], Relaciones internationales (GERI-UAM), 17, pp. 64- 87.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2010). El mecanismo para la reducción de la deforestación y la degradación forestal y para el fomento de los sumideros de carbono (REDD+): Nota sobre un innovador instrumento de mitigación” [The Reduction of Deforestation and Forest Degradation Mechanism (REDD+): Note on an Innovative Mitigation Tool], Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental, vol.1 (octubre de 2010): nº2, pp. 1-24.
• Diplomatic Academy of Guatemala Antonio José de Irisarri, Invited Lecturer on “La estatalidad frente al desafío del cambio climático y el aumento del nivel del mar” [Statehood in the Face of the Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise Challenge], as part of the III Module of the Special Diplomatic Course “AJPACH 'WAAL” (2023).
• Podcast “Hablemos de Derecho Internacional”, Episode No. 77: “El naufragio de la estatalidad: los impactos del aumento del nivel del mar en la condición de Estado” [Sinking Statehood: the Impacts of Sea-Level Rise] (2022), available at: https://lnkd.in/efT-48ux.
• Common European Law on Investment Screening (CELIS Institute), presentation on “Delimiting the Concept of National Security”, as part of the roundtable on “National Security as a Limit to Sovereign-Driven Investment” (2021).
• Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam & Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and British Embassy in Hanoi, 7th Ocean Dialogue, presentation on “Securing the Continuity of Low-lying Island States through the Protection of Maritime Entitlements: a Reflection on Latest Developments” (2021).
• Centre de Droit Maritime et Océanique de l’Université de Nantes, presentation on “Les impacts de l’élévation du niveau de la mer sur la sécurité internationale” [The Impacts of Sea-Level Rise on International Security] (2021).
• Permanent Mission of the Principality of Liechtenstein before the United Nations & Princeton University, presentation on “Loss of Statehood due to Sea-Level Rise” as part of the Series “Climate, State and Sovereignty: Self-Determination and Sea-Level Rise” (2020).
• Academy of European Law, ERA High-Level Conference on Investment Screening in the European Union, presentation on “The Concept of Security: Reconstructing the Origins, Scope and Meaning of an Ambiguous Symbol” (2020).
• Université Libre de Bruxelles, post-graduate lecture on “Droit international et crise climatique” [International law and the Climate Crisis] (2020).
• Organization of American States (OAS), course on “La condición de Estado frente al desafío del cambio climático” [Statehood in the Face of the Climate Change Challenge], as part of the 2019 edition of the Summer Course on Public International Law organized by the Inter-American Juridical Committee (2019).
• Nippon Programme of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, Guest Lecturer on “Climate Change and the Law of the Sea” (2019).
• Queen Mary University of London (Center for Small States) /Wilmerhale, presentation on “Dispute Resolution and Sinking Island States”, as part of the panel on Environmental Dispute Resolution and Small States Conference (2018).
• Law of the Sea Institute of Iceland, co-speaker on “Legal and Political Considerations with respect to the Disappearance of States”, as part of the International Conference on New Knowledge and Changing Circumstances in the Law of the Sea (2018).
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2016). Statehood under Water: Challenges of Sea-Level Rise to the Continuity of Pacific Island States, Brill/Nijhoff.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2023). “The Concept of Security: Brief Genealogy of an Ambiguous Symbol”, in J. Hillebrand Pohl et al eds. The Investment Weapon, Springer Studies in Law and Geoeconomics.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2022). “Les impacts de l'élévation du niveau de la mer sur la sécurité internationale: une reconstruction du ‘récit sécuritaire’ du changement climatique” [The Impacts of Sea-level Rise on International Security: a Reconstruction of the “Security Narrative” on Climate Change], in V. Boré-Éveno ed. Elévation du droit de la mer et droit international: de l'adaptation à l'action, Editions Pedone.
• Hioureas C., Torres Camprubí, A. (2020). “Legal and Political Considerations with respect to the Disappearance of States”, in T. Heidar ed. New Knowledge and Changing Circumstances in the Law of the Sea, Brill.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2019). “Challenges of Sea-Level Rise to the Continuity of Low-Lying Island States and Measures to Address the Loss of Maritime Spaces”, 112th Annual Conference of the American Society of International Law, Cambridge University Press.
• Torres Camprubí, A., Schimmel, D. (2019). “Commerce international et responsabilité sociale et environnementale: des référentiels aux normes?” [International Trade, Social and Environmental Responsibility : a Normative Reference System?], chapter in Encyclopedic volume Le Lamy Contrats Internationaux, Tome 1, sections 101-104, Wolters Kluwer.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2018). “Securitization of Climate Change: the Inter-regional Institutional Voyage”, Oxford Yearbook of International Environmental Law, pp. 1-24.
• Freestone D., Vidas D., Torres Camprubí A. (2017). “Sea Level Rise and Impacts on Maritime Zones and Limits: the Work of the ILA Committee on International Law and Sea Level Rise”, Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law, vol. 5: 1, pp. 5-35.
• Prost M., Torres Camprubí A. (2012). “Against Fairness? International Environmental Law, Disciplinary, Bias and Pareto Justice”, Leiden Journal of International Law, vol. 25 (2012): nº 2, pp. 379-396.
• Espósito C., Torres Camprubí A. (2011). “Cambio climático y derechos humamos : el desafío de los ‘nuevos refugiados’” [Climate Change and Human Rights : the Challenge of the ‘New Refugees’], Relaciones internationales (GERI-UAM), 17, pp. 64- 87.
• Torres Camprubí, A. (2010). El mecanismo para la reducción de la deforestación y la degradación forestal y para el fomento de los sumideros de carbono (REDD+): Nota sobre un innovador instrumento de mitigación” [The Reduction of Deforestation and Forest Degradation Mechanism (REDD+): Note on an Innovative Mitigation Tool], Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental, vol.1 (octubre de 2010): nº2, pp. 1-24.
• Diplomatic Academy of Guatemala Antonio José de Irisarri, Invited Lecturer on “La estatalidad frente al desafío del cambio climático y el aumento del nivel del mar” [Statehood in the Face of the Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise Challenge], as part of the III Module of the Special Diplomatic Course “AJPACH 'WAAL” (2023).
• Podcast “Hablemos de Derecho Internacional”, Episode No. 77: “El naufragio de la estatalidad: los impactos del aumento del nivel del mar en la condición de Estado” [Sinking Statehood: the Impacts of Sea-Level Rise] (2022), available at: https://lnkd.in/efT-48ux.
• Common European Law on Investment Screening (CELIS Institute), presentation on “Delimiting the Concept of National Security”, as part of the roundtable on “National Security as a Limit to Sovereign-Driven Investment” (2021).
• Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam & Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and British Embassy in Hanoi, 7th Ocean Dialogue, presentation on “Securing the Continuity of Low-lying Island States through the Protection of Maritime Entitlements: a Reflection on Latest Developments” (2021).
• Centre de Droit Maritime et Océanique de l’Université de Nantes, presentation on “Les impacts de l’élévation du niveau de la mer sur la sécurité internationale” [The Impacts of Sea-Level Rise on International Security] (2021).
• Permanent Mission of the Principality of Liechtenstein before the United Nations & Princeton University, presentation on “Loss of Statehood due to Sea-Level Rise” as part of the Series “Climate, State and Sovereignty: Self-Determination and Sea-Level Rise” (2020).
• Academy of European Law, ERA High-Level Conference on Investment Screening in the European Union, presentation on “The Concept of Security: Reconstructing the Origins, Scope and Meaning of an Ambiguous Symbol” (2020).
• Université Libre de Bruxelles, post-graduate lecture on “Droit international et crise climatique” [International law and the Climate Crisis] (2020).
• Organization of American States (OAS), course on “La condición de Estado frente al desafío del cambio climático” [Statehood in the Face of the Climate Change Challenge], as part of the 2019 edition of the Summer Course on Public International Law organized by the Inter-American Juridical Committee (2019).
• Nippon Programme of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, Guest Lecturer on “Climate Change and the Law of the Sea” (2019).
• Queen Mary University of London (Center for Small States) /Wilmerhale, presentation on “Dispute Resolution and Sinking Island States”, as part of the panel on Environmental Dispute Resolution and Small States Conference (2018).
• Law of the Sea Institute of Iceland, co-speaker on “Legal and Political Considerations with respect to the Disappearance of States”, as part of the International Conference on New Knowledge and Changing Circumstances in the Law of the Sea (2018).
